The First Bowel Movement a Newborn Baby Has Is Called:

For the historical pregnant of the term, see Opium.

Medical condition

Meconium
Meconium from 12-hr-old newborn—the babe'southward third bowel movement. Calibration: five cm left to right.
Specialty	Pediatrics

Meconium is the earliest stool of a mammalian infant resulting from defecation. Unlike later feces, meconium is composed of materials ingested during the time the infant spends in the uterus: intestinal epithelial cells, lanugo, mucus, amniotic fluid, bile and h2o. Meconium, unlike later carrion, is pasty and sticky similar tar, its color usually being a very dark olive dark-green; it is almost odorless.^[one] When diluted in amniotic fluid, information technology may appear in various shades of green, brownish, or yellowish. It should exist completely passed by the cease of the first few days afterward birth, with the stools progressing toward yellow (digested milk).

Clinical significance [edit]

Meconium in amniotic fluid [edit]

Meconium is normally retained in the babe'south bowel until later on birth, only sometimes it is expelled into the amniotic fluid (as well chosen "amniotic liquor") prior to birth or during labor and delivery. The stained amniotic fluid (called "meconium liquor" or "meconium-stained liquor") is recognized by medical staff equally a possible sign of fetal distress. Some post-dates pregnancies (when they are more than than 40 weeks pregnant) may likewise take meconium-stained liquor without fetal distress. Medical staff may aspirate the meconium from the nose and mouth of a newborn immediately after delivery in the consequence the baby shows signs of respiratory distress to decrease the take a chance of meconium aspiration syndrome, which can occur in meconium-stained amniotic fluid.

About of the time that the amniotic fluid is stained with meconium, it will exist homogeneously distributed throughout the fluid, making it brown. This indicates that the fetus passed the meconium some time ago such that sufficient mixing occurred equally to establish the homogeneous mixture. Terminal meconium occurs when the fetus passes the meconium a brusque plenty time before birth/cesarean department that the amniotic fluid remains clear, but private clumps of meconium are in the fluid.

Failure to laissez passer meconium [edit]

The failure to pass meconium is a symptom of several diseases including Hirschsprung's illness and cystic fibrosis.

The meconium sometimes becomes thickened and congested in the intestines, a condition known every bit meconium ileus. Meconium ileus is oftentimes the first sign of cystic fibrosis.^[2] In cystic fibrosis, the meconium tin grade a bituminous blackness-green mechanical obstacle in a segment of the ileum. Beyond this, there may be a few separate grey-white globular pellets. Beneath this level, the bowel is a narrow and empty micro-colon. Above the level of the obstruction, at that place are several loops of hypertrophied bowel distended with fluid. No meconium is passed, and abdominal distension and vomiting announced soon later birth. About 20% of cases of cystic fibrosis present with meconium ileus, while approximately 20% of ane series of cases of meconium ileus did non have cystic fibrosis.^[3] The presence of meconium ileus is not related to the severity of the cystic fibrosis.^[iv] The obstruction tin be relieved in a number of different ways.^[v]

Meconium ileus should be distinguished from meconium plug syndrome, in which a tenacious mass of mucus prevents the meconium from passing and in that location is no risk of intestinal perforation. Meconium ileus has a significant run a risk of intestinal perforation. In a barium enema, meconium plug syndrome shows a normal or dilated colon as compared to micro-colon in meconium ileus.

Testing meconium for drugs [edit]

Meconium can be tested for various drugs, to check for in utero exposure. Using meconium, a Canadian inquiry group showed that by measuring a by-production of alcohol, fatty acrid ethyl esters (FAEE) they could objectively detect excessive maternal drinking of alcohol during pregnancy.^[6] In the US, the results of meconium testing may be used by child protective services and other police force enforcement agencies to determine the eligibility of the parents to go along the newborn.^[7] Meconium tin besides be analyzed to detect the tobacco employ of mothers during their pregnancy, which is ordinarily under-reported.^[8]

Sterility [edit]

The issue of whether meconium is sterile remains debated and is an area of ongoing research. Although some researchers have reported evidence of bacteria in meconium,^[9] this has not been consistently confirmed. Other researchers have raised questions almost whether these findings may be due to contagion later on sample collection and that meconium is, in fact, sterile until after nascency.^[10] Further researchers have hypothesized that in that location may be bacteria in the womb, merely these are a normal part of pregnancy and could take an important role in shaping the developing immune system and are not harmful to the baby.^[11]

Etymology [edit]

The Latin term meconium derives from the Greek μηκώνιον , mēkōnion, a diminutive of μήκων , mēkōn, i.eastward. poppy, in reference either to its tar-similar appearance that may resemble some raw opium preparations or to Aristotle'due south belief that it induces sleep in the fetus.^{[12] [thirteen] [xiv]}

Other uses [edit]

• In biology, meconium describes the metabolic waste material from the pupal phase of an insect that is expelled through the anal opening of the adult upon eclosion from the pupa. Other insects, such equally beetles and some Hymenoptera (Aculeata) expel the meconium at the finish of the larval stage, before becoming a pupa.

Gallery [edit]

• 

  Meconium from thirteen-60 minutes-one-time newborn.

• 

  This image compares the advent of meconium (from 48 hours after normal delivery at term) to the appearance of the aforementioned infant'south feces after 1 calendar week of breastfeeding.

References [edit]

1. ^ Persis Mary Hamilton, Basic Pediatric Nursing (Maryland Heights MO: Mosby, 1991), 82. ISBN 9780801658693
2. ^ Hutchinson JH (1975). Practical Paediatric Problems (4th ed.). London: Lloyd-Luke. p. 314. ISBN0-85324-114-7.
3. ^ Hekmatnia A. "Meconium Ileus". ^{[ permanent dead link ]}
4. ^ Jones PG (1976). Clinical Paediatric Surgery (2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell. pp. 74–5. ISBN0-632-00089-9.
5. ^ Irish gaelic Chiliad (29 December 2015). Minkes RK (ed.). "Surgical Aspects of Cystic Fibrosis and Meconium Ileus".
6. ^ Chan D, Knie B, Boskovic R, Koren K. Placental handling of fatty acid ethyl esters: perfusion and subcellular studies. J Pharmacol ExpTher 2004; 310: 75-82.
7. ^ Grand.B. five. Dearborn County Div. of Family and Children, 754 N.E.2d 1027 (Ind.Ct.App., 2001).
8. ^ Braun JM, Daniels JL, Poole C, Olshan AF, Hornung R, Bernert JT, et al. (August 2010). "A prospective cohort written report of biomarkers of prenatal tobacco smoke exposure: the correlation between serum and meconium and their association with babe nascency weight". Ecology Health: A Global Admission Science Source. nine: 53. doi:10.1186/1476-069X-nine-53. PMC2944243. PMID 20799929. Lay summary – sciencedaily.com.
9. ^ Jiménez Eastward, Marín ML, Martín R, Odriozola JM, Olivares M, Xaus J, Fernández Fifty, Rodríguez JM (April 2008). "Is meconium from healthy newborns actually sterile?". Inquiry in Microbiology. 159 (3): 187–93. doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2007.12.007. PMID 18281199.
10. ^ Perez-Muñoz ME, Arrieta MC, Ramer-Tait AE, Walter J (April 2017). "A disquisitional cess of the 'sterile womb' and 'in utero colonization' hypotheses: implications for research on the pioneer babe microbiome". Microbiome. 5 (ane): 48. doi:x.1186/s40168-017-0268-4. PMC5410102. PMID 28454555.
11. ^ Willyard C (Jan 2018). "Could baby's outset leaner have root before nascency?". Nature. 553 (7688): 264–266. Bibcode:2018Natur.553..264W. doi:10.1038/d41586-018-00664-8. PMID 29345664.
12. ^ O'Dochartaigh S. "HON Mother & Child Glossary, Meconium". www.hon.ch . Retrieved 17 April 2018.
13. ^ μηκώνιον . Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English language Lexicon at the Perseus Project.
14. ^ "meconium". Online Etymology Dictionary.

External links [edit]

• Media related to Meconium at Wikimedia Eatables

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meconium

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